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An autocratic system of coercion, in my opinion ,soon degenerates. For force always attracts men of low morality, and I believe it to be an invariable rule that tyrants of genius are succeeded by scoundrels. ___爱因斯坦。

研究发现：高蛋白饮食可能会大大降低男性睾酮水平，损害精子，导致生育困难！｜国际科学

如果你能留心一下社交媒体上的信息就会发现，不知何时，低碳水饮食、高蛋白饮食、生酮饮食等一些新兴饮食方式已经渗透进我们的生活中，许多减肥、健身和健康博主都在鼓吹高蛋白饮食有多么好。

的确，高蛋白饮食能够在短时间内帮助减肥者成功掉秤。而蛋白质、奶昔、牛奶、瘦肉、牛肉等也同样是健身和增肌人士的最爱。

然而，减少碳水化合物的摄入是需要付出一定代价的，因为高蛋白饮食很可能会降低男性体内的睾酮水平，从而导致精子数量减少，甚至是勃起功能障碍。

这项研究于2022年发表在Nutrition and Health（营养与健康）期刊上，文章名为“Low-carbohydrate diets and men's cortisol and testosterone: Systematic review and meta-analysis”，中文译作“低碳水化合物饮食与男性皮质醇和睾酮：系统评价和荟萃分析”。

这篇综述共纳入27项研究，涉及到309名参与者。纳入标准为：干预研究、健康成年男性、低碳水化合物饮食：碳水化合物≤35%。

结果发现：短期（<3周）的低碳水饮食和高碳水饮食都会适度增加静息皮质醇；在长时间运动（≥20 min）后，低碳水饮食和高碳水饮食也都会导致运动后的皮质醇水平更高。

此外，中等蛋白质（<35%）和低碳水饮食对静息状态下的总睾酮水平没有一致的影响，但高蛋白（≥35%）、低碳水饮食却大大降低了静息状态和运动后的总睾酮水平。

据此，研究人员得出结论：在低碳水饮食的前3周，静息状态以及运动后的皮质醇水平增加，之后，静息皮质醇几乎恢复到基线状态，而运动后的皮质醇水平仍然会升高。

这说明过多的蛋白质以及不足的碳水化合物会导致皮质醇水平增加。

皮质醇通常被称为身体的“压力荷尔蒙”。已有研究证实，皮质醇水平过高会抑制免疫系统功能，使人们更容易受到病毒或细菌感染，从而出现感冒、流感甚至是COVID-19症状。

另一方面，这项研究还证明，高蛋白饮食会导致静息状态下的总睾酮水平大幅下降。超过35%的蛋白质就会使睾酮水平降低 37%，这在医学上被称为性腺机能减退。

首席研究员约瑟夫·惠特克 (Joseph Whittaker) 在接受采访时表示：“正常情况下，人们仅需要摄入大约17%的蛋白质，而导致低睾酮的饮食通常都含有超过35%的蛋白质。对于摄入正常蛋白质的人们来说，基本上不用担心，但对于高蛋白饮食的群体来说，将蛋白质摄入量控制在25%以内可能才是安全的。”

睾酮水平与我们的身体健康息息相关，没有足够的睾酮会增加心脏病、糖尿病以及阿尔茨海默氏症等慢性疾病的患病风险。

相比于体内睾酮较低的群体，健康的睾酮水平对于力量训练、肌肉建设以及运动表现来说其实会更好。

值得警惕的是，那些摄入后无法消耗，堆积在体内的蛋白质还会导致“兔子饥饿”，即身体中过多的蛋白质转化成氨，由于高水平的氨是有毒的，这种情况便被称为“蛋白质中毒”。

“兔子饥饿”最早是由罗马士兵发现的，他们在围攻维拉纽瓦德尔坎波期间被迫靠兔子为生，结果其中许多人都出现了严重的腹泻并引发死亡。

低碳水饮食近年来变得非常流行，但通过这项研究我们却了解到，低碳水和高蛋白饮食确实也存在很大的弊端和隐患。不过，研究人员表示，对于这些结论，他们仍需做进一步探索，才能确定这是否真的是一件坏事情。

用英语学论语——第三十四站

Confucius remarked, “Riches and honours are objects of men's desire；but if I cannot have them without leaving the path of duty, I would not have them. Poverty and a low position in life are objects of men's dislike; but if I cannot leave them without departing from the path of duty， I would not leave them。

"A wise man who leaves his moral character is no longer entitled to the name of a wise man. A wise man never for one single moment in his life loses sight of a moral life; in moments of haste and hurry, as in moments of danger and peril, he always clings to it.

中文：子曰：“富与贵是人之所欲也，不以其道得之，不处也；贫与贱是人之所恶也，不以其道得之，不去也。君子去仁，恶乎成名。君子无终食之间违仁，造次必于是，颠沛必于是。”

注释：孔子说：“ 财富与荣誉是人们所渴望的，但如果我除了远离责任之路之外不能拥有它们，那我将不会去拥有。贫穷与卑贱是人们所厌恶的，但如果我除了离开责任之路而不能摈弃它们，那我将不去摒弃。

“一个聪明人如果丢掉了道德品质，就不再有资格享有聪明人的名声了。一个聪明人在生活中绝不会忽略道德的生活，哪怕只是瞬息片刻；在匆忙与仓促的时刻，以及在危险与危难的时刻，他都会坚持它。”

[可爱]#艾华教育##英语##双语#

政府干预是贫富悬殊的最根本原因。

今天华尔街日报发表一个基金经理的文章。他说资本主义导致了贫富悬殊。这是没有争议的。但是，美国最严重的贫富悬殊都是政府干预带来的，从城乡差别到教育到、行业之间税收不平等、白人黑人税收的不平等、医疗保险、政府补贴、国有企业的腐败等，最严重的社会不公都是政府干预导致的。政府的意图也许是好的，但是结果都是坏的。

全文如下：

For­get all the great things that cap­i­tal­ism has done, the smart­phones we carry, the broad­band we use to stream movies, the drugs and vac­cines that ex­tend lives. For­get those who hold back con­sump­tion to fund or in­vent stuff that brings the masses out of poverty. Be­cause Jeff Be­zos had the au­dac­ity to get rich for his ef­forts, he gets push­back. All that tech­nol­ogy and red-meat cap­i­tal­ism comes at a great so­ci­etal cost, crit­ics say. Peo­ple with smart­phones are liv­ing be­low the poverty line. Cap­i­tal­ism is bro­ken and needs to be re­formed. We need a new, fairer sys­tem.

Oh, we’re get­ting one, good and hard. (See: stim­u­lus, $1.9 tril­lion plus an­other $3 tril­lion com­ing up.) John Cochrane, an econ­omist and se­nior fel­low at Stan­ford’s Hoover In­sti­tu­tion, tells me in­equal­ity is raised fre­quently as a nasty symp­tom of some al­leged dis­ease of cap­i­tal­ism. “Not so fast,” he warns. “Are cap­i­tal­ism and free mar­kets the rea­sons for in­come in­equal­ity? Or are mis­guided gov­ern­ment in­ter­ven­tions to blame?” He quickly rat­tles off poor schools, oc­cu­pa­tional li­cens­ing, land-use rules, and dis­in­cen­tives to work as ex­am­ples of things that keep peo­ple down—an “op­por­tu­nity gap.” Let’s call them the Four Pro­gres­sive Horse­men of In­equal­ity........省略一千字。

中考真题每日三题

(2017•湖北咸宁) 1. 一Kangkang, tell us something about _________ in your hometown?

一Usually on this day, people eat zongzi in memory of Qu Yuan.

  A. the Spring Festival            B. the lantern Festival 

  C. the Dragon Boat Festival       D. the Mid-Autumn Festival

答案C【解析】考查名词短语辨析。句意：——康康，请告诉我关于你们家乡的端午节的某些情况吗？——通常在这一天，人们吃粽子来纪念屈原。由“eat zongzi in memory of Qu Yuan （吃粽子来纪念屈原）”这一节日风俗习惯，可知是指端午节。故选C。

(2017·甘肃天水)2. The Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路倡议) will help China improve the ___________ with those related countries, especially Pakistan (巴基斯坦).

A. relationshipB. agreementC. environmentD. information

答案A 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：一带一路的倡议帮助中国改善了与邻国的关系，特别是巴基斯坦。relationship关系；agreement协议；environment环境；information信息。Improve the relationship意为“改善……关系”。故选A。

(2017·甘肃天水) 3. The online shop sells ___________ shoes at a very low price.

A. child and men’sB. children and men’s

C. children’s and menD. children’s and men’s

答案D 【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：网店以低廉的价格销售儿童和男士的鞋子。child的复数为children，表示“儿童的”用children’s；man的复数形式为men，表示“男士的”用men’s。故选D。

每天进步一点点，聚沙成塔#中考真题#

如果你在做题过程中遇到任何问题，欢迎给我留言讨论。

戈林子爵:为了不失去你的爱,他宁愿干任何事情,宁愿毁掉他的整个生涯,就像他现在正处于悬崖边一样。他在为你作出大的牺牲。接受我的意见吧,奇尔顿夫人，可别接受如此巨大的牺牲。我们男人女人生来不是为了彼此接受这样的牺牲的。我们的价值远远超出了这个。再说，罗伯特所受的惩罚已经够多了。

奇尔顿夫人:我们俩都已经受了惩罚，我对他的期望太高了。

戈林子爵(声音里满含深情地):别再为此现在就期望他太低了。如果他从他的神坛上掉下来了,那就别把他往泥坑里推了。对罗伯特来说，失败就可能是羞耻的泥坑。权力才是他的激情。失去权力,他就失去了一切,以至他爱的力量。你丈夫的生命这时就掌握在你的手里,你丈夫的爱也在你的手里。别给他毁了这两样东西啊

LADY CHILTERN. [Troubled and hesitating.] But it is my husband himself who wishes to retire from public life. He feels it is his duty. It was he who first said so.

LORD GORING. Rather than lose your love, Robert would do anything, wreck his whole career, as he is on the brink of doing now. He is making for you a terrible sacrifice. Take my advice, Lady Chiltern,and do not accept a sacrifice so great. If you do, you will live to repent it bitterly. We men and women are not made to accept such sacrifices from each other. We are not worthy of them. Besides, Robert has been punished enough.

LADY CHILTERN. We have both been punished. I set him up too high.

LORD GORING. [With deep feeling in his voice.] Do not for that reason set him down now too low. If he has fallen from his altar, do not thrust him into the mire. Failure to Robert would be the very mire of shame. Power is his passion. He would lose everything, even his power to feel love. Your husband's life is at this moment in your hands,your husband's love is in your hands. Don't mar both for him.

-《理想的丈夫》

Reading for today, a short news story... World News for Students of English

Transgender athlete at the Olympics

28-06-2021

New Zealand chose the first transgender athlete who will compete at the Tokyo Olympics.

Laurel Hubbard competed in men´s weightlifting before she decided to become a woman. In 2015, she became a woman, and since that time, she could compete in women´s weightlifting.

Hubbard will compete in the super heavyweight category, and some people will probably not be happy about it. Some people think that transgender athletes should not compete because it is not fair to the other athletes.

The International Olympic Committee changed the rules for transgender athletes who can compete if their levels of testosterone are low enough. Some scientists say that transgender women went through puberty as men, and therefore, it makes them better at sports than other women because they are taller or bigger.

Difficult words: transgender (a person who was born a man but he feels to be a woman, or  a person who was born a woman but she feels to be a man), testosterone (a hormone which makes the body look like a man), puberty (the time when a child is becoming an adult).

黄剑博采风追影金学研究赏析系列129：“舞低杨柳楼心月，歌罢桃花扇底风。”

下边乐工呈上揭帖，到刘、薛二内相席前。拣令一段韩湘子度陈半街升仙会杂剧。纔唱得一折，只听喝道之声渐近。平安进来禀报：“守备府周爷来了。”西门庆冠带迎接，未曾相见，就先令宽盛服。周守备道：“我来非为别务，要与四哥把一盏。”薛内相向前来说道：“周大人不消把盏，只见礼儿罢。”于是二人交拜。又道：“我学生来迟，恕罪！恕罪！”叙毕礼数，方宽衣解带，纔与众人作揖。左首第三席安下锺箸。下边就是汤饭，割切一道添换，拿上来，席前打发马上人两盘点心、两盘熟肉、两瓶酒。周守备举手谢道：“忒多了。”令左右上来领下去，然后坐下。一面刘、薛二内相，每人送周守备一大杯。觥筹交错，歌舞吹弹，花攒锦簇饮酒。

Jumbo Huang Notes: The dancing continued till the moon in the pavilion amid the willows hung low; The singing went on until the breeze underneath the peach-blossom fans expired....Only one scene of this drama had been performed when they heard the sound of orderlies shouting to clear the way gradually approach, and Ping-an came in to announce that his Honor Commandant Chou Hsiu had arrived. Hsi-men Ch'ing put on his official cap and girdle and went out to welcome him. Before even exchanging formal greetings with him, he suggested to his guest that he divest himself of his formal outer garments…

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